I’m having the same issue. I’ve read some threads about Yoast SEO causing this, but I don’t have Yoast installed. It seem to be somehow theme related, because if I use the Twenty Nineteen theme it works, but switching to my custom theme (based on JointsWP) it breaks and archive titles just shows the page title GD Archive.
I’ve tested a few themes from the WordPress theme directory, and for example Appointment (https://wordpress.org/themes/appointment/) shows the same problem.